Sapien is a noun that means a human or a specimen of Homo sapiens. The word “sapiens” comes from the Latin word “sapiens” which means “wise” or “intelligent”. The scientific name for humans is Homo sapiens sapiens which means “the wise human”. Homo sapiens is the species to which all modern humans belong. It is one of several species in the genus Homo, but it is the only one that is not extinct.
Timeline of History
- Emergence of Homo sapiens: Homo sapiens, the species to which all modern humans belong, emerged in Africa around 300,000 years ago. These early humans were anatomically similar to us but lived in small, scattered groups.
- Cognitive Revolution (70,000 to 30,000 years ago): This period saw the development of complex language and shared myths, enabling humans to cooperate in larger groups and create more sophisticated cultures.
- Agricultural Revolution (around 10,000 BCE): The shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture marked a significant change in human societies, leading to the growth of settled communities and the development of social hierarchies.
- Formation of States and Civilizations: Over time, agricultural societies evolved into more complex forms, leading to the rise of states and early civilizations in various parts of the world.
- Industrial Revolution (18th and 19th centuries): Over time, agricultural societies gave rise to more complex forms of social and political organization, including the development of cities, governments, and organized religions.
- Modern Era (20th century onwards): The 20th century saw unprecedented advancements in technology, science, and globalization, shaping the modern world we live in today.
Years ago and event:
- 13.8 billion: Matter and energy appear. Beginning of physics. Atoms and molecules appear. Beginning of chemistry.
- 4.5 billion: Formation of planet Earth.
- 3.8 billion: Emergence of organisms. Beginning of biology.
- 6 million: Last common grandmother of humans and chimpanzees.
- 2.5 million: First stone tools used by humans in Africa.
- 300,000: Daily usage of fire by humans.
- 12,000: The Agricultural Revolution. Homo sapiens domesticate plants and animals.
- 5,000: First kingdoms, script, and money.
- 2,500: Invention of coinage – a universal money.
- 500: The Scientific Revolution. Europeans begin to conquer America and the oceans. Beginning of capitalism.
- 200: The Industrial Revolution.
Massive extinction of plants and animals. - The present: Humans transcend the boundaries of planet Earth.
Nuclear weapons threaten the survival of humankind. - The Duture: First non-organic life forms? Homo sapiens is replaced by superhumans?
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